Key Sectors of Economic Growth in Kenya Essay

Economic growth is the increase in the amount of the goods and go produced by an delivery over time. It is conventionally measured as the percent rate of increase in real piggy home(prenominal) product i.e. real GDP. In Kenya the key main vault of heavens to achieve economic growth atomic number 18 agriculture which is the mainstay economic growth drivers, vim sector, manufacturing and industry, service sector which is mainly tourism, fiscal function and banking and besides the private sector. All of these sectors are in line with the Kenya Vision 2030, the economic pillar. The key sectors are as discussed below1. AGRICULTURE Agriculture has been the key factor of economic growth of Kenyan providence. It continues to be the key factor that will drive the economic growth of Kenya as it contributes to approximately 24% of return Domestic Product. And for this reason the political science should increase budgetary allocation to the artless sector up from the Kshs 53.5 card inal allocated in National Budget 2012/201 so as to be in line with the Maputo resolve which requires the budget allocation to agriculture to be atleast 10% of total organisation budgets and The government should also subsidise the farm inputs such as fertilizers for the farmers, this will maximize production. Livestock farming also has to be considered.If the government increases funding to the agricultural sector, such occurrences as food shortages, seasonal inflation and unemployment would be curbed if not avoided. agrarian sector which includes Livestock sector and dairy farming The livestock sector provides employment opportunities while also increases income. Kenya exports from hides and skins for leather industry earned Kshs 4 billion. Also reforms need to be made on the Kenya internality Commission. Fisheries Kenya earns around Kshs 4 billion from this sector. The sector also employs about 60000 people and also over half(a) a million people depend on this sector for live lihood through trading and seek processing therefore thee number of fish processing plants should be increased.2. TOURISM SECTOR The service sector of Kenya contributes 63% of Growth Domestic Product and its mainly tourism industry which is the countrys principal source of foreign exchange thus the government. The tourism industry a retentive with the government has to call back steps to address the security problem and to reverse negative publicity especially after the post-Election fury of 2007 following disputed General Elections. such steps among others should include establishing a tourist police and innovation marketing campaigns in key tourist origin markets. Former minister of Tourism Najib Balala ran such campaigns in CNN.3. ENERGY SECTOR The brawn sector an authorised sector to drive the smooth growth of the economy hence there is need for the Government to put up measures that would help the sector to grow thereby, bestow to the growth of the economy as the secto r is depended on by manufacturing and industrial sector and also the agricultural sector. There exists limited power generation and transmission capacity in the country. This is caused by lack of seemly investment in power systems and infrastructure development.This combined with rapid economic growth, new customer connections and punic rainfall patterns have caused the current electricity shortage in Kenya. Though Kenya is not natural imaging endowed, the natural resources the country can boast of for energy generation are small hydro, geothermal, coal, biogas, tidal waves, solar, sprain and recently the oil exploration in Turkana. The government needs to invest heavily in the energy sector so that there is no over reliance on Hydro power. The government should implement a policy to attract private sector investments in the energy sector i.e. the Kenya Private Sector advocator Generation Support Project. In doing so it will boost economic growth and in short letter creation.4 . INDUSTRY AND MANUFACTURING SECTOR Kenya boast of being the industrialized country in East Africa, the manufacturing sector contributes to about 15% of Growth domestic Product, this percentage doesnt as the manufacturing sector is hampered by high energy costs, shortages of hydro telemetric power, poor infrastructure and counterfeits products i.e. cheap imports. Industrial and manufacturing sector has become increasingly significant to Kenya economy payable to increased urbanization. Most industrial plants are located in urbanized towns which has led to the reason Kenya has cardinal cities i.e. Nairobi, Mombasa and Kisumu they include food-processing industries such as grain milling, beer production, and sugarcane crushing. These plants contribute significantly to national income as puff up as generate employment. Also the oil refinery which processes imported crude petroleum into petroleum products, mainly for the domestic market. In addition, a substantial and expanding inform al sector engages in small-scale manufacturing of household goods, motor-vehicle parts, and farm implements.5. monetary SECTOR AND BANKING Kenya is East and Central Africas hub for financial services. Most of the banking institution and other financial services firms are located in the urban centres as it is considered that urban people have higher income which is not the case, thus innovation and opening of banking sectors should be put in place in rural areas. Such innovations includes mobile banking which where now rural populations have daily access to financial services as approximately people now own mobile handsets. MPESA is the widely used mobile banking, it is estimated that MPESA has given access financial services to about 75% of the people. Government thus needs to encourage other mobile money transfers such as Tangaza, Yu cash, and Airtel money. In doing so it will create a competitive environment and thus many people will get access to the financial services. The Nai robi Stock Exchange (NSE) ranks quarter in Africa in terms of Market neatization.Stock markets provide market liquidity that enables implementation of long term projects with long term payoffs thereby promoting a countrys economic growth. Moreover, efficient capital markets not only avail resources to investors, they also facilitate inflow of foreign financial resources into the domestic economy. Government needs to institute reforms in the financial sector as capital market development is an important component of financial sector development and supplements the role of the banking system in economic development. Capital markets assists in price discovery, liquidity provision, reduction in transactions costs, and risk transfer.

Enron Financial Statement Case Essay

Accounting is all about fiscal information capturing it, recording it, configuring it, analyzing it, and propounding it to persons who use it. The financial statements The final product of financial accounting is in the form of financial statements that are packaged with different information in a financial report. Financial statements are prepared at the end of individually accounting period. A period maybe one month, one quarter, or one year. Financial statements report summary amounts, or totals.There are three main financial statements The residual sheet containing Assets and extraction of Assets at a specific date The income statement representing is the all-important financial statement that summarizes the profit-making activities of a rail line over a period of time. The Cash flow statement presents a summary of the businesss sources and uses of cash during the income statement period. Financial Report Financial Report Form Financial Report moldiness be prepared accordi ng to the Standards of GAAP generally accepted accounting principles for preparing the financial statements, these rules permit preference accounting methods for some transactions. Furthermore, accountants have to interpret the rules as they apply GAAP in actual situations. The devil is in the details. The point is that interpreting GAAP is not cut-and-dried. Many accounting standards leave a hatch of wiggle room for interpretation. Deciding how to account for certain transactions and situations requires seasoned judgment and careful depth psychology of the rules. Furthermore, many estimates have to be made. Financial Report main componentsThe three basic financial statements income statement, balance sheet, and statement of cash flows. A statement of changes in owners equity (if needed). Disclosures mainly containing Footnotes and the most important walker is the one which identify the major accounting policies and methods that the business uses and justifying any change in th e policy used. strong-minded auditors report must be done by independent (from the firm) licensed auditor and give the business a clean bill of health, or that the report is misleading and should not be relied upon. This negative, disapproving audit report is called an adverse opinion.

Complete Course Material Essay

MGT 426 plump out Course Material MGT 426 workweek 1 DQ 1 Why is careen necessary? What about compound is disruptive? How can meeting the challenge of change become organizational opportunities? MGT 426 workweek 1 DQ 2 reposition what is in it for me? What is the cycle of change? What are roughly examples of continuous change? What are some examples of discontinuous change? What are some differences between continuous and discontinuous change? MGT 426 calendar week 1 Individual appellative Article Review MGT 426 Week 2 DQ 1 What is organizational culture? What is the race between shared vision and organizational culture?How does organizational culture affect an organizations ability to cope with change? MGT 426 Week 2 DQ 2 How does modeling a change do facilitate change? What are the strengths and weaknesses of the three change models? What are some applications of the three change models? MGT 426 Week 2 Individual Assignment Roles of Managers and Individuals reputation MGT 426 Week 2 Learning Team Assignment Managing Change Paper Part I MGT 426 Week 3 DQ 1 Why is it important to do a gap analysis? How do you apply gap analysis to the change models? Give an example of when you may use a gap analysis.MGT 426 Week 3 DQ 2 What are the steps in implementing change? What should you consider when selecting a change implementation model? Explain. MGT 426 Week 3 Individual Assignment opposite to Change Paper MGT 426 Week 3 Learning Team Assignment Managing Change Paper and demonstration Part II MGT 426 Week 4 DQ 1 How do you measure the progress of change? How do you know change has been institutionalized? How do you determine what changes have occurred? MGT 426 Week 4 DQ 2 What organizational systems are impact by the cycle of change? Explain. What systems are not as easily impacted by change?Why or why not? MGT 426 Week 4 Individual Assignment Ethics During Change paper MGT 426 Week 4 Learning Team Assignment Managing Change Paper Part III MGT 426 We ek 5 DQ 1 What characteristics of a learning organization do you observe in your organization? What can your organization do to transform into a learning organization? MGT 426 Week 5 DQ 2 How closely does your organization follow Senges five disciplines? Is this useful? Why or why not? MGT 426 Week 5 Individual Assignment Learning Organization Paper MGT 426 Week 5 Learning Team Assignment Managing Change Paper and Presentation Part IV

Oversea Study Agent in China Essay

1.0 IntroductionAs Chinas refrom and opening up, impertinent exchange increasing day by day. Studying abroad craze after an other. More and to a greater extent tidy sum chose to accept impertinent advanced did typifyics. This report is small scale survey on experiences with the go of oversea demand agencies, which in order to inform readers almost informations about oversea pick out agencies, allow them have a more comprehensive belowstanding of these divisors.First, about basic overviews of oversea think agent such as what is the oversea charter agent, the history and instruction of these agencies, the role and characteristics of oversea study agencies, leave behind be described in this report. Then it also show some main problems of oversea study agencies, which include some illegal phoenomenons, nonrecreationalism of employee is low and regulatory mechanism is non better. Legal system is non perfect tense and the lack of high-quality personnel as the causes o f problems followed by. At last the recommendation and conclusion will be illustrated.2.0 ProceduresThis paper is after a group discussion and arrangements. Five instruction agents atomic number 18 investigated through promise consultation, internet search, etc. They atomic number 18 Golden oriental, Jin Gillette, Mei Grabrel, CIEC World Famous Studio to study perpendicular and horizontal, Zhong Rui in Shanghai. There are also some views reference by authority report.3.0 Findings3.1 nearly basic overview of oversea study agent3.1.1 What is oversea studying agenciesOversea study agent is a mediator for students to studying abroad to other countries that provide school students application and visa application assistance and military services. everywhere in the world exist this industry. In China the first countries to ratify the legal service agencies to study abroad is very high, the first practitioners of the headache background needed to be engaged in facts of life inst itutions, so the first batch of approved institutions most comprehensive university with some formal or enormous state government departments, only 2 follow are private institutions, Jin Gillette in Beijing and Zhong Rui in Shanghai .And the choice of this two institutions are engaged in their education both at the kindred time quite strong behind the enterprise groups as the background. Second and subsequent access to do institutional conditions in the application than the first batch of great relaxation, an increase of more institutions, but are required to be registered within the legal institutions.3.1.2 The role of oversea study agentFirst, providing professional focus to reduce the personal trouble. This is the most important role of education agents. The current situation is that most people and institutions of education abroad do not quite understand the situation, the role of intermediaries is to use the relationship with exotic educational institutions, combined wit h case policies to individuals and schools to study the national situation, to apply for admission, handle Visa and other germane(predicate) information and advice. Procedures for many students, if they apply the words of ordinary people, not only spend more time, and error-prone, with the do of an intermediary, you can greatly reduce such problems. Second, providing legally qualified schools.It is understood that thither are two types of contrary registered schools, one is teaching institutions, although another category called the school, but in fact is the company, and such adaption requirements of the companys relatively loose, the more difficult for teachers and teaching quality assurance. Chinese government proscribe foreign institutions and educational service agencies engaged in recruiting activities on their own in, requiring direct intermediary service organizations and educational institutions with foreign universities signed a cooperation agreement and submit the location of the germane(predicate) provincial education administrative departments for the record, but also requires foreign school to provide the Embassy of China in the internationally renowned certification other than the institutions.The goal is to prevent a number of international universities and the poor quality of some multinational companies fraud in China. Therefore, the study intermediary agreements with foreign institutions of higher learning in schools is genuinely a constraint, so as to ensure the quality of teaching in schools and individual rights. Then, to alleviate initiation individual study plans. Study abroad is a new way of learning in China, so most Chinese people find it difficult to design their own study plan.There spring a phenomenon that many people have chosen ill-use counties, wrong school or wrong professional. The losses are difficult to be measured by money. Study intermediary with resources, according to consumer expertise, interests and pec uniary ability to provide consumers with a most appropriate and most effective way to study. In addition, there is a balance the function of oversea study agencies for market supply and demand.As with other products in the market, study abroad market also has a supply and demand balance. The difference is that, as the incase involves foreign students, consumers are poorly understood, the role of intermediaries is that the students grasp the situation told the consumer market, and guide consumers in different countries and schools to filter, so that the education market and a balanced supply and demand.3.2 Problems of oversea study agenciesIt is report that Golden Oriental has the trap of going abroad, 15 students trapped in Germany. A parents said the Golden Oriental is a German training center in Qingdao, the main business is to recruit students to learn German. Enrollment in the center, forward to introduce registration of students and parents to learn the language here, must we go through the exit of the relevant procedures. This fully demonstrates the berth of studying abroad at this stage solace exit some problems.1. Some illegal phenomenonFirst, unauthorized business in the studying intermediary. Without the Ministry of Education, Ministry of Public Security issued a permit to study intermediary services, without the approval of the administrative department for industry and commerce registration, engaging in business activities of education agents. In Beijing there are still some people who employ by the trinity no company (no license, no office, no charge certificate) to the embassy in front of students engaged in activities of intermediary services around by some foreign embassies. These illegal intermediary agencies in profits, driven by the illicit in intermediary services. Second, there is a linked counseling phenomenon.Linked management is some of the illegal gain fashioning in legal education agents affiliated companies access to the follo wing qualification to the legitimate operations of those features. There are some study intermediaries authorized by the parent company of illegally engaging in a branch or branches of intermediary business, the umbrella agency to act as illegal. Finally, some foreign companies do illegally business in China. State expressly that foreign investment institutions in the country engaged in the study can not be mediated. simply there are still some companies as the representative of the foreign school or under the banner of the Office of foreign schools in China to enroll students.3.2.2 Professionalism of employee is lowIt is understood that practitioners who have the check educational background in the study abroad agency are less than 50. counsel has not issued specific standards for employees in certificates, but no appraisal system. Most of the intermediarys employees are recruited from the community, by the agency after a simple training to induction, a considerable number of ot her employees in the state organs or institutions of workers retire, there officers aging. Therefore, the variation in levels of professional and reduce the agencys service quality and effectiveness of the service extensively restricted.3.2.3 Regulatory mechanism is not perfectAt current situation, it has not specifical laws and regulations on the study abroad agency to regulate behaviours they have. At the analogous time, the management of policies from different departments, regulatory agencies is not clear. It is a more complex work to supervision and management the intermediary services for studying abroad. Too few managers, industry and commerce, are also responsible for mankind security, there is busy. Three units of the joint action, they often stay in the rectification movement style, and they can not do more frequent, thorough and meticulous work, so that the management is difficult to place.3.3Causes of the problems3.3.1Legal system is not perfectCurrently, the state has not the development of social intermediary organizations and the general considerations of unified planning, there is no national authority in charge of social intermediary organizations and coordination of departments, to study abroad agency management and macro-control weaknesses still exist. Government lack of studying abroad Pan strictly regulate intermediary management, law point in time is not high. Market economy is the legal economy, study abroad agency to rely on laws and regulations to reconcile and act. However the legal management of oversea study agencies has a far way from the establishment of collectivised market economy.3.3.2The lack of high-quality personnelOversea study agency is a strong professional service, foreign language level requirements high. Thus, requiring that their employees must have a high quality of cultural knowledge, good professional service and knowledge of international practice. However, there are talents in this area obviously can not kee p up the situation and development needs the quality of personnel is not high, the shortage of professionals.4.0 testimonyAt present, more and more people choose to go abroad, the oversea study agent dawdle an important role in China. However, there are still exit the problems which mentioned above. So some measures must be taken such as effectively strengthen the supervision and management of education agentswaste, get on improve the advertising review and investigation, to increase the intensity modulation of employees education and training, improve relevant laws and regulations to regularise and restrain intermediary acts.5.0 ConclusionWhit the boom of study abroad set off, oversea study agency has become an indispensable institution to student. It provide professional guidance, provide legally qualified schools, help design individual study plans and so on. However, there are still some problems that can regaining the interests of consumers.When people choosing the oversea study agencies, both advantages and disadvantages should be considered. Whit the sound of legal system and the development of market economy in China, problems in the intermediary agencies of study abroad will be solved. Their business will be more and more standardized.6. ReferenceGousheng Li, 2006-10-29, Study abroad at ones own expenses intermediaraesproblems and countermeasures. Junrong Yan, 2001-12-4, Education agents, you play what role http//baike.baidu.com/view/864680.htmhttp//www.runsky.com/homepage/study/abroad/news/userobject1ai413028.html

Chipotle Grill Case Study Essay

What does a SWOT analysis reveal or so the drawing card of Chipotle Mexi bear Grills situation and future prospects? There ar a lot of things about Chipotle that have kept them successful in previous years. Opportunities and strengths depict that presently the company has a steadfast and positive image in its established markets which is mainly in the U.S., U.K. and Canada. Strong brand recognition drives the company. customer loyalty aloneows a long-term positive impact to Chipotle, which enhances company value. Targeting a group who is health conscious, surround friendly and loves Mexican fast nourishment reserves Chipotle on the forefront of success. Chipotle has an extensive line of nutritionally balance menu items derived from both constitutional and naturally raised ingredients. This idea led to the concept of victuals with impartiality (Gamble, Thompson, Jr., & Peteraf, 2015, p. 303). Chipotles reputation encases ethical and charit able standards along with healthy choices for the consumer. Chipotle is company-owned, not a franchise so maintaining integrity is easier. Customers whitethorn recognize to dine-in, take-out, and even order online to pick-up in the restaurant. These options have strengthened the company by offering convenience and availability to the customer. The brand also has a bright future in the untapped regions and with ample scope of introducing new food items in its menu. The creator of Chipotle came up with five core elements in which to base the strategy of the establishmentServing a foc utilise menuHigh quality, reasonably priced, expedient menu itemsOperational efficiencyFriendly staffAw atomic number 18ness and respect for the environmentChipotles strategyChipotles strategy is one of differentiation. Specific types of food that can be produced through local, environmentally conscious, farmers at an affordable price point is a primary goal. Offering natural food raised from local, thoroughgoing vendors that customer s respect yet still at an affordable, fast food price, creates a stand apart from the competition. other way Chipotle differentiates from the competition is through human resource practices. People from all ethnicities are brought together to bridge circuit cultural and linguistic gaps between both employees and customers. Chipotlehas a squad dedicated to empowering, educating, and training employees to increase inbred promotions, cultural sensitivity, and communication skills. The company prides itself on hiring from within and providing employees with opportunities to grow. The key element of Chipotles strategy is Food with integrity (Gamble, Thompson, Jr., & Peteraf, 2015, p. 303). Sourcing supplies from natural, organic, and sustainable, and environmentally friendly growers/producers is an essential strategy is maintaining market standing. Not many restaurant chains, if any, can say they are consistent in this practice, which makes Chipotle rise above the rest. More and more people are making the choice to choose to eat healthier which makes Chipotle an excellent choice and places them in a strategical place in the fast food industry.With more healthy choices than other fast food establishments such as wetback ships bell, consumers are more likely to choose Chipotle. Another key element to the strategic plan is operating efficiently in an esthetically pleasing environment. Even though it is fast food, Chipotle doesnt offer a fast food setting when dining in. With a modern theme of bamboo or stained concrete flooring, pendulum lighting, and outdoor patios where available, Chipotle has reduced the cost of building and maintaining new establishments but still managed to keep the aesthetically pleasing, not-so-fast food ambiance. How does Chipotle Mexican Grills competitive strength compare against that of Taco Bell, Qdoba Mexican Grill, and Moes reciprocal ohmwest Grill?Chipotle is not as visibly prominent here in the South as it is in other states co mpared to Qdoba Mexican Grill, but more so than Moes southwesterly Grill. In recent months, Chipotle grow into the Memphis area in the Poplar/I-240 area in a new shop center near Target and Best Buy, surrounded by a variety of other restaurants and businesses. Chipotle, Qdoba, and Moes all strive for market presence by positioning themselves in areas convenient to shopping centers, in strip malls, and near business centers. They are equal in the Employment Practices category as all strive to promote from within and offer strict training and development programs focusing on expatiateed knowledge through certification processes. The differences that stand out, allowing Chipotle to excel strategically are in Customer Service, calling card Selection, and Quality. Chipotle prides itself onhaving a genuine concern for the patron by hiring individuals from all walks of life and ethnicities. Whatever talking to a customer speaks, or ethnic background they are from, there is probably a Chipotle team member who can connect with them to walk them through the dining experience. Qdoba Mexican Grill and Moes Southwestern Grill have attempted to connect through customer service and experience but are not making as strong of a head wave as is Chipotle.There is actually a unique dining experience to talk about at Chipotle that draws patrons back for more. The menu option at Chipotle consists of the highest quality natural and organic selections from local growers and farmers. Fresh sweet corn, organically fully grown cilantro, organic chili and pablano peppers, grass-fed beef, and free-range chicken are just a sampling of the examples of quality raw ingredients used by Chipotle Mexican Grill. Through high measurements of sustainability in sourcing of these raw ingredients to construction of each(prenominal) restaurant, Chipotle has easily clear a 10 in this category regardless of the price point associated with the final product. The quality of the food served at Chi potle is always above par. The cooking methods allow flavorful, robust, creations to be made in a pathetic amount of time without damaging the integrity of the raw materials. Through consistent accuracy and quality measures, aesthetically pleasing plating is also displayed with each order, down to the containers in which to-go orders are placed.What does an analysis of the data in case Exhibit 1 reveal about Chipotles financial and operating performance? Financial201220112010addition Turnover1.6371.5921.637Inventory Turnover179.4188.6189.7LiquidityQuick Ratio1.8162.6021.873Current Ratio2.9253.1833.301Investments/ tradeholdersEarnings Per Share8.846.885.76lollyabilityGross Profit Margin27.1%26.0%26.7%Operating Profit Margin16.7%15.4%15.7%Net Profit Margin10.2%9.5%9.7%Re criminal on Capital22.3%20.6%22.1%The inventory turnover ratio shows that they are able to turn over their inventory very quickly. The asset turnover ratio shows that they are able to convert their assets into sales. Their liquid ratios are good because above 1 is good and above 2 is even better. Their Earnings Per Share show that the company is trending to increase profitability and their shareholders should see an increase in value. The profitability margins have been able to grow over the past years. The financial well being of Chipotle is stable and improving. Unless well-nighthing drastic occurs, anticipating the rise in revenue and value years from now, a positive future will be in put in for Chipotle.Key Strategic IssuesChipotle has many strengths that make it an attractive company but they also have some weaknesses. In recent years, competitors have started offering healthier menu options at lower price points. Taco Bells cantina menu is much like the Chipotle brand in which it offers more of a luminance southwestern flare than traditional Mexican dishes. The menu pricing at Chipotle is higher but is repayable much in part by the use of organic and natural selections, some of which are concentrated to obtain in winter months. With difficult growing seasons across the United States, Chipotle whitethorn have to choose to change their menu in winter months. With limited menu items and ingredients that have price volatility it may not be a smooth establishment in new states and countries. Competitors are the largest threat to Chipotle. As previously stated, other fast food restaurants are adding lighter fare to their menu at a lower price that Chipotle. With the continued high costs of natural and organic menu options, menu prices may have to change to keep margins stable. Another impact to the layer line could be rising healthcare costs that may require a shift in employment for many restaurants. Chipotle has multiple opportunities to expand into other states as well as internationally. With locations in the District of Columbia, Canada, the United Kingdom, and France, Chipotle managers should be well write in the workings of International business managemen t.With expansion into other countries and the continued use of locally grown and raised staples, Chipotle would stand to make substantial profits in countries likeChina and India. Adding ingredients indigenous to each local area would promote the brand customers have grown to admire. As restaurants like Taco Bell and On the Border sell their products in grocery stores, Chipotle could follow suite and add profit to their bottom line. Restaurants like Swankys Taco Shop have alcohol and beer on the menu, now so does Chipotle in some states. Continuing this exploitation in other states would be a plus for growth as well.

Systems analysis and modeling: A macro to micro approach with multidisciplinary applications Essay

The recent damage warf ars amidst un settletled phone industries and super commercializes contrive been beneficial to the consumers as considerably as their respective industries. It can be argued that damage wars enable customers to save their money, development consumer utility and racetrack to great competition. However customers allow solely enjoy the benefits of price wars in the short-run, but the situation change in the long run. Price wars lead to decrease of prices, but it is natural to evaluate the military group of price decrease on consumer spending. The rationale of this newspaper publisher is to examine the effect of price wars between liquid phone industries and the supermarkets.Findings and Analysis Price wars eliminate peripheral players and alter the structure of the market. In case of price wars, few competitors will be willing to write down an unattractive market that greatly rely on low prices for success, and minor competitors leave the market because they be unable to make profits. In some cases, some firms might dominate in the market collectible to price wars for example, acquisition of Macro foods by Woolworths in 2009. Price wars have a long-term effect on consumer preference, since consumers argon left in a market with fewer players with greater authority. This case generally applies to supermarkets. Price drop-off by retailers weakens the brand investment made by producers (Wallner, 2001).Price wars between prompt phone industries and supermarkets have short-term benefits to the consumer, but they result to decrease in price which has a long-term impact to the consumer. Price cuts emanating from price wars alter consumer expectations for discounting and hit future pricing. Price reduction in addition affects the readiness of product distribution to small outlets much(prenominal)(prenominal) as bottle shops, local stores and convenience outlets. The price war between Britains dominant supermarkets has sh ifted into expeditious market with major supermarkets reducing their prices by half. On the separate hand, the rival nomadic phone companies maintained that they offered the best price in the market. The mobile phone companies have announced price gain over the last few weeks however supermarkets slashed down the price for mobile phone service. The supermarkets are able to take the opportunity cost of cutting the prices because they will soak up back by selling high margin goods (Eweje & Perry, 2011). on that point is price discrimination in job rates because different mobile phone industries have different tarrifs. The pressure exerted in the markets makes the mobile phones to sort out their prices to attain market equilibrium.In order to understand the current micro and cock-a-hoop-business operations existing in the mobile phone industries and the supermarkets, it is imperative to analyze the social, political and economic structures. The reduction of interest rates by the government has greatly reduced the level of unemployment. In addition the purchasing capability of clients will increase because of the improved financial situation. However, the possibility of huge financial uncertainty will affect consumer spending curiously while purchasing bonus products (Boyd, 2001)Analysis on current European demographics shows that there is an increasing turn out of ageing population. There is low possibility of old generation to go shopping in the supermarkets as compared to the young generation. The net income literacy is at 65 years, although growing population considers online shopping as efficient. Macro purlieu is external to the business sector and they are uncontrollable factors that are beyond control by whatsoever presidency (Forstater, 2007).Appropriate macro surroundings will enable supermarkets and mobile phone industries to make strong policies and strategies to make changes as well as coping up with changes in the current market. M icro milieu on the other hand are the internal factors that mobile phone industries and supermarkets can control.Micro environment have direct impact to an organization because it directly affect its zsuccess and operations. Micro environment will affect an organizations capacity to serve its clients. Therefore, before supermarkets and mobile phones industries decide on any bodied strategy, they need to appraise their micro environment. Micro environment include all departments existing in an organization and each of these department has a great effect on an organization marketing decisions. The other aspects that are included in micro environment are the publics and the customer market. Thus, mobile phones industries and supermarkets should understand their micro and macro environments so that they can make appropriate strategies that will affect both their success and operations (Wan, 2006).The rectitude of demand and supply will dish up supermarkets and mobile phone industrie s to settle on a market equilibrium calling price. In an attempt to run from high calling cost from other mobile service succeedrs, customers ends up in the supermarkets which charges low prices to its mobile customers. However, supermarkets place price premiums on basic items so that they can substitute the low prices which had attracted the customers. It can be argued that, price wars benefit customers in the sort-run, but in the long run they greatly affect the customer (Krugman & Wells, 2009).The cost of mobile phones have fallen to such a level that if the trend carries on, mobile service will be more(prenominal) affordable to much larger parts of the acclivitous markets population. The price wars ensure that both the supermarkets and mobile phone industries keep checking on their prices so that they can maintain their profits as well as making profits. The supermarkets continue to increase their promotions while other rival companies such as Tesco hold that they will conti nue being aggressive. There are various factors that have led to the reduction in price of mobile phones. The cost of mobile phones is brought down by heavy subsidies from the government, high levels of competition as well as efforts from local manufacturers who set on selling entry-level phones. The price of mobile phones has been brought down by the anticipated growth of markets (Wessels, 2006). Mobile manufactures are focusing to sell their phones in the emerging markets such as Philippines, Nigeria and India. Mobile phone manufactures have a great opportunity for the sleazy phones to substitute feature phones in the emerging markets.Mobile phones manufactures face the paradox of lack of operator subsidies in the emerging markets so that they can support the entry of these cheap mobile phones. As the cost of mobile phones continues to reduce, it is anticipated that emerging markets will receive an increasing number of cheap phones in future. However, there are different approac hes of entry of cheap phones to the emerging markets. For example, it was anticipated that there will be a growth of 95% of smartphones in India in 2013, while it was 46% in Brazil. In Brazil the import duties was expected to hamper the cheaper supply effect. By examining the current situation, mobile phones manufacturers who will be able to cope up with the stiff competition in the modern market, will secure a strong stance in the future mobile phone market (Eweje & Perry, 2011).Technology advancement has enabled manufactures to doojigger life-fitting mobile phones that are cheap and affordable. Mobile phones are a very crucial aspect in human daily lives because it enabled people to communicate, socialize and to spur development. Smartphones technology continues to be more prevalent in developed countries however, the drop in price of phones has drastically changed the situation since smartphones are now more affable in the emerging markets. Cheap mobile phones are very helpful to the emerging markets, since they will help to revolutionalize the lives of health-care professionals, farmers and educators in the developing nations. Lower price will definitely make smartphones more accessible in emerging products, but there is low internet connectivity in developing countries. Low internet perceptiveness is a major hindrance of entry of cheap smartphones in emerging markets (Forstater, 2007).The high outlay of data plans hinders various people from accessing internet through their phone. There is also high rate of inflation and unemployment in emerging markets which is another hindrance of entry of cheap phones in these markets. Though mobile phones are essential in modern day lives, most people in emerging markets struggle to make their ends meet. In the efforts of developing cheap mobile phones in emerging markets, the issue of insufficient network infrastructure should also be addressed. Mobile network operators should focus on sustainability, where they should develop business structures that permit them to earn returns by bringing data networks to emerging markets (Worthington & Britton, 2006).The network connectivity can be provided by companies like Google however, the cost impose to the local economy would be huge. The attempt of brining solutions to the issue of network models in emerging markets, would have indecent effects to the local ecosystem as well as devastating impact to the mobile network operators who provide employment, and to the government who masturbate remunerated for network licenses and use the funds for economic development. Apart from benefiting from cheap mobile phones, emerging will benefit from the internet connections plans that are just to be implemented. The emerging markets will get internet through microwave signals and fiber optics. The local governments will benefit from revenue collected from internet licenses.Conclusion Price wars between mobile phone industries and supermarket will benef it both the consumers as well as their respective industries. The price wars will lead to an increasing trend of the cost of mobile phones. The reduction of cost of mobile phones will enable more access of phones in emerging markets. Smartphones are more prevalent in developed countries where they have advanced the lives of farmers, health-care professionals among other people thus encouraging economic development. Emerging markets such as India, Nigeria and Philippines will receive more phones because manufacturers believe that there is a large market in developing nations. Mobile manufacturers have contributed a lot to development in the emerging markets for devising cheap phones that are affordable however, they should also develop the internet model in the emerging markets. Lastly, cheap mobile will be of great benefit to the emerging markets since they will improve colloquy among other benefits.ReferencesBoyd,D.W. (2001). Systems analysis and modeling A macro to micro approach with multidisciplinary applications. San Diego, CA Academic Press.Do consumers really benefit from the supermarket price wars? (n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.theage.com.au/it-pro/do-consumers-really-benefit-from-the-supermarket-price-wars-20110408-1d7g6.htmlEweje,G., & Perry,M. (2011). Business and sustainability Concepts, strategies and changes. Bingley, UK Emerald Group.Forstater,M. (2007). sparings. Chicago Chicago Review Press.Krugman,P.R., & Wells,R. (2009). Economics. New York Worth Publishers.Supermarket price war moves into mobile phone market Business The Guardian. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.theguardian.com/business/2008/aug/20/telecoms.supermarketsWallner,K., & Centre for Economic constitution Research (Great Britain). (2001). Price wars in finite sequential move price competition. London Centre for Economic Policy Research.Wan,K.K. (2006). From micro to macro quantum systems A unified formalism with superselection rules and its applications. London Imperial C ollege Press.Wessels,W.J. (2006). Economics. Hauppauge, NY Barrons.Worthington,I., & Britton,C. (2006). The business environment. Harlow monetary Times Prentice Hall.Source document

Criminal Evidence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 8

Criminal Evidence - Essay ExampleThat is why the search scenario that was render in our class reading should be considered illegal. Although the law officer had overhead something that seemed like the person he stopped was involved in drug dealing, he did non hear the other end of the talk so he can be considered to have performed an illegal search. As such, any evidence that he gathered at the scene cannot be admitted into court as evidence (Fourth Amendment Law, n.d.).Since the police officer was undertaking the search merely on the basis of Stop and Frisk, the implied consent of the accused did not include permission to open the brown paper bag (Terry v. Ohio, n.d.). The police officer over stepped the bounds this time and violated the Fourth Amendment. He conducted an unreasonable search that violated the persons right to privacy since he opened the personal effects of the person which resulted in his acquiring evidence that he should not have had access to in the first